小鼠腹水型肝癌H22a细胞浆内磷蛋白磷酸酶活力调节的研究

小鼠腹水型肝癌细胞胞浆内磷蛋白磷酸酶对磷酸化的组蛋白、酪蛋白、鱼精蛋白具有脱磷酸化活力,而对小分子底物P-Ser、P-Thr、P-Tyr、PNPP等无活力。二价金属离子Mn~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Mg~(2+)对酶有明显激活作用,而Zn~(2+)、F~-、Pi对酶有明显抑制作用。代谢中间物G-6-P、G-1-P、F-6-P、F-1.6-2P、ATP、ADP、GTP对酶有抑制作用,而磷酸化氨基酸和环核苷酸对酶活影响很小。还试验了碱性蛋白质和酸性蛋白质对酶活力的影响,肝素和组蛋白均对酶活力有抑制作用,当两者混和后,其抑制作用会相互抵消。     

Production of chimeric rabbits from morulae by a simple procedure

Experiments were conducted to develop a simple and reliable technique to produce chimeric rabbits from morula stage embryos. In Experiments 1 and 2, an in-vitro test of viability was initially performed by culturing embryos to the blastocyst stage. Ninety-three percent of the “chimeric” embryos developed to the blastocyst stage compared to 94% for controls when embryos were manipulated soon after collection (Exp. 1). Eighty-one percent chimeric embryos and 78% control embryos developed to blastocyst stage when embryos were held at room temperature for 4 hr (Exp. 2). In Experiment 3, enough morula-stage embryos were available from true breeding Dutch-belted and albino rabbits to form potentially 67 diverse “color” pairs. These micromanipulated pairs of morulae were successfully combined to produce 64 chimeric embryos (96%, 64/67). They were transferred to the uteri of seven recipient does and three became pregnant producing 13 young. Four of the young exhibited substantial overt chimerism (31%) and one more was a possible chimera.     

培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞合成的蛋白聚糖

以[~(35)S]-Na_2SO_4为示踪物,观察培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞(EC)合成及分泌的蛋白聚糖(PG),经DEAE-Sephacel离子交换及Sepharose6B凝胶滤柱层析分析发现细胞层及培养液均含有三种PG单体,即硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖(HS-PG)、硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖(CS-PG)及硫酸皮肤素蛋白聚糖(DS-PG)HS-PG又可分为大小两种,前者(HS-PG_L)位于V_o处,后者(HS-PG_s)Kd=0.53(sepharose6B);CS-PG/DS-PG分为三个峰,峰Ⅰ位于V_0处,峰Ⅱ、峰Ⅲ的Kd值分别为0.26及0.52(sepharose6B)。汇合前后细胞层及培养液中各种PG的含量不同。细胞层PG总量汇合前低于汇合后,无论是细胞层还是培养液汇合前HS-PG_L均低于汇合后,HS-PG_L与HS-PG_s比值亦为汇合前低于汇合后,而CS-PG/DS-PG含量则高于汇合后。汇合前后EC合成及分泌PG的差异与文献报道的EC损伤及正常者类似。     

白魔芋和花魔芋葡甘露聚糖研究

从白魔芋和花魔芋的块茎中分离纯化出两种魔芋葡甘露聚糖(Konjac Glucomannan,简称KGM),分别名为白魔芋葡甘露聚糖(aKGM)和花魔芋葡甘露聚糖(rKGM)。通过超离心、玻璃纤维纸电泳和凝胶过沪证明aKGM和rKGM都是均一的多糖。这两种多糖都由甘露糖(M)和葡萄糖(G)组成,其克分子比G/M:aKGM为1:1.69,rKGM为1:1.60,分子量前者为8.09×10~5,后者为7.37×10~5。酶水解实验和红外光谱分析说明aKGM和rKGM都是由甘露糖和葡萄糖以β-1,4-糖苷键连接的杂多糖;有O-乙酰基的特征吸收峰,说明在某些糖残基上可能有乙酰基团。     

Role of the N-terminal region of the a chain in β1-bungarotoxin from the venom ofBungarus multicinctus (Taiwan-banded krait)

The N-terminal α-amino groups of β₁-bungarotoxin (β₁-Bgt) fromBungarus multicinctus venom were modified with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and the modified derivative was separated by high performance liquid chromatography. The trinitrophenylated (TNP) derivative contained two TNP groups at the α-amino groups of A chain and B chain and showed a marked decrease in enzymatic activity. Methionine residues at positions 6 and 8 of the A chain were oxidized with chloramine T or cleaved with cyanogen bromide to remove the N-terminal octapeptide. Oxidation of methionine residues and removal of the N-terminal octapeptide caused a precipitous decrease in enzymatic activity, whereas antigenicity remained unchanged. The presence of dihexanoyllecithin influenced the interaction between β₁-Bgt and 8-antilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) and revealed that β₁-Bgt consists of two types of ANS-binding sites, one at the substrate binding site of the A chain and the other might be at the B chain. The modified derivatives still retained their affinity for Ca²⁺ and ANS, indicating that the N-terminal region is not involved in Ca²⁺ and substrate binding. A fluorescence study revealed that the α-amino group of the A chain was in the vicinity of substrate binding site and that the TNP α-amino groups were in proximity to Trp-19 of the A chain. In addition, the study showed that the N-terminal region is important for stabilizing the architectural environment of Trp-19. The results, together with the proposal that Trp-19 of the A chain is involved in substrate binding, suggest that the N-terminal region of the A chain plays a crucial role in maintaining a functional active site for β₁-Bgt.     

东南亚和云南爬行动物区系的一致性及其起源和演化

云南与川、黔、贵等邻近省区都属于东南亚的一部分。依据爬行动物分布范围广的特点,把云南爬行动物区系起源和演化与东南亚甚至南亚的爬行动物作为一个整体进行研究,可能为解决东南亚及云南爬行动物某些类群的起源这一共同性问题,提供一些有用的资料。 本文将印度半岛、东南亚及其邻近岛屿现生爬行动物与世界范围的相同科级阶元的分布进行比较,并以古地质、古地理演变资料推论科级阶元同祖先起源地的大致范围。在此基础上,再将印度半岛、中南半岛和邻近岛屿,云南高原及邻近地区爬行动物的科属种进行比较,以探讨地区间差异的规律性。运用新构造运动和古气候变化观点阐明其物种或类群的迁移规律及其变化原因。     

微量元素对虫草蝠蛾幼虫生长发育的影响

按月采样,分析测定虫草蝠蛾幼虫体微量元素的组成。应用Q模式系统聚类方法,分析了幼虫受环境影响引起的元素代谢变化。结果表明虫体所含元素与环境温度的变化及自身的生理活动密切相关。5、10月份幼虫组的元素含量相近,前者正当幼虫结束休眠后恢复活动的时期,后者是幼虫处于准备进入越冬的前期,两组幼虫此时均处于取食高峰期。3、4月份组的亦较接近,幼虫正渐恢复活动但不取食。8月份幼虫蜕皮前后,消耗较大,需摄取大量食物。计算结果表明7、9月份的元素含量接近,这与上述现象有一定联系;应用对应因子分析法得到的结果是:元素Fe、P对10、11月份幼虫组的贡献值显著;Na、Ca、Mg对8、9月份的贡献值显著;Cu、Zn、Co、Cd、Si对4、5月份的贡献值显著。     

白腹锦鸡机体营养成分的分析与探讨

本文报道笼养和野生白腹锦鸡机体营养成分及其差异。分析表明,笼养的比野生种营养成分含量高的有:腿肌蛋白质高11％,胸肌、腿肌、全血的氨基酸分别高2.64％,1.39％和4.68％,胸肌、腿肌和肝脏的碳水化合物分别高0.076％、0.092％和3.962％,胸肌和腿肌的维生素A分别高188.63和84.09 I.U.,胸肌和腿肌的维生素D分别高47.2和12.8 I.U.。但是胸肌蛋白质含量笼养的比野生的低26％。     

柱萤叶甲属三新种及一新纪录种

本文报道了鞘翅目(Coleoptera)叶甲科(Chrysomelidae)萤叶甲亚科(Galerucinae)柱萤叶甲属Gallerucida的三新种:基红柱萤叶甲G.basalis sp.nov.褐缘柱萤叶甲G.limbatella sp.nov.、小柱萤叶甲G.parva sp.nov.及一新纪录种:黑缘柱萤叶甲G.limbata(Baly,1878)。